Library

This section contains reviews and references to recommended innovation books and articles. It also contains references to where literature can be bought or downloaded.

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– 2010 –

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Cognitive Surplus: Creativity and Generosity in a Connected Age

Author(s): Shirky, Clay Year: 2010 Publisher: Penguin Press Category: Online communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: The author of the breakout hit Here Comes Everybody reveals how new technology is changing us from consumers to collaborators, unleashing a torrent of creative production that will transform our world. For decades, technology encouraged people to squander their time and intellect as passive consumers. Today, tech has finally caught up with human potential. In Cognitive Surplus, Internet guru Clay Shirky forecasts the thrilling changes we will all enjoy as new digital technology puts our untapped resources of talent and goodwill to use at last. Shirky envisions an era of lower creative quality on average but greater innovation, an increase in transparency in all areas of society, and a dramatic rise in productivity that will transform our civilization.

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Open Leadership: How Social Technology Can Transform the Way You Lead

Author(s): Li, Charlene Year: 2010 Publisher: Jossey-Bass Category: Innovation management Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: “Be Open, Be Transparent, Be Authentic” are the current leadership mantras-but companies often push back. Business is premised on the concept of control and yet the new world order demands openness-leaders do not know how to be open and be in control. This must-have resource will help the modern leader understand how to lead in the new open world-where blogging, twittering, facebooking, and digging are becoming the norm.

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The Power of Pull: How Small Moves, Smartly Made, Can Set Big Things in Motion

Author(s): Hagel III, John & Seely Brown, John Year: 2010 Publisher: Basic Books Category: Innovation networks Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Exploring the paradigm shift in business brought about by innovations in communication technology, this collaboration from three consultant-authors provides a succinct metaphor for the shift in the information economy-from “push” to “pull”. At the center of the pull strategy is an individual (not a corporation) who has access to knowledge flows, takes advantage of porous boundaries and serendipitous interactions, and occupies new creative spaces to achieve a novel order of performance.

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– 2009 –

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Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without Organizations

Author(s): Shirky, Clay Year: 2009 Publisher: Penguin Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Blogs, wikis and other Web 2.0 accoutrements are revolutionizing the social order, a development that’s cause for more excitement than alarm, argues interactive telecommunications professor Shirky. He contextualizes the digital networking age with philosophical, sociological, economic and statistical theories and points to its major successes and failures. Grassroots activism stands among the winners.

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Crowdsourcing: Why the Power of the Crowd Is Driving the Future of Business

Author(s): Howe, Jeff Year: 2009 Publisher: Three Rivers Press Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Beyond the wisdom of crowds is the work of crowds, a powerful and transformative source of creativity and an economic engine that defies traditional rules. Jeff Howe has captured a complex and vital change in the business landscape: in the next few years, your customers could become your collaborators, or your competitors.

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We-Think: Mass innovation, not mass production

Author(s): Leadbeater, Charles Year: 2009 Publisher: Profile Books Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Society is no longer based on mass consumption but on mass participation. New forms of collaboration—such as Wikipedia, Facebook, MySpace, and YouTube—are paving the way for an age in which people want to be players, rather than mere spectators, in the production process. We-Think explains how the rise of mass collaboration will affect us and the world in which we live.

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Enterprise 2.0: New Collaborative Tools for Your Organization’s Toughest Challenges

Author(s): McAfee, Andrew Year: 2009 Publisher: Harvard Business School Press Category: Innovation Technologies Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: In just a few years, Web 2.0 communities have demonstrated astonishing levels of innovation, knowledge accumulation, collaboration, and collective intelligence. Now, leading organizations are bringing the Web’s novel tools and philosophies inside, creating Enterprise 2.0. In this book, Andrew McAfee shows how they’re doing this, and why it’s benefiting them. Enterprise 2.0 makes clear that the new technologies are good for much more than just socializing-when properly applied, they help businesses solve pressing problems, capture dispersed and fast-changing knowledge, highlight and leverage expertise, generate and refine ideas, and harness the wisdom of crowds.

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Collaboration: How Leaders Avoid the Traps, Create Unity, and Reap Big Results

Author(s): Hansen, Morten T. Year: 2009 Publisher: Harvard Business School Press Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: In today’s competitive environment, companywide collaboration is an imperative for successful strategy execution, yet the sought-after synergies are rarely, if ever, realized. In fact, most cross-unit collaborative efforts end up wasting time, money, and resources. How can managers avoid the costly traps of collaboration and instead start getting the results they need? In this book, Hansen shows managers how to get collaboration right through ‘disciplined collaboration’.

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The Art of Community: Building the New Age of Participation

Author(s): Bacon, Jono Year: 2009 Publisher: O’Reilly Media Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Online communities offer a wide range of opportunities today, whether you’re supporting a cause, marketing a product or service, or developing open source software. The Art of Community will help you develop the broad range of talents you need to recruit members to your community, motivate and manage them, and help them become active participants.

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Driving Results Through Social Networks: How Top Organizations Leverage Networks for Performance and Growth

Author(s): Cross, Robert L. Year: 2009 Publisher: Jossey-Bass Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Driving Results Through Social Networks shows executives and managers how to obtain substantial performance and innovation impact by better leveraging these traditionally invisible assets. For the past decade, Rob Cross and Robert J. Thomas have worked closely with executives from over a hundred top-level companies and government agencies. In this groundbreaking book, they describe in-depth how these leaders are using network thinking to increase revenues, lower costs, and accelerate innovation.

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Six Pixels of Separation: Everyone Is Connected. Connect Your Business to Everyone.

Author(s): Joel, Mitch Year: 2009 Publisher: Business Plus Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: s it important to be connected? Well, consider this: If Facebook were a country, it would have the sixth largest population in the world. The truth is, we no longer live in a world of six degrees of separation. In fact, we’re now down to only six pixels of separation, which changes everything we know about doing business. The smarter entrepreneurs and top executives are leveraging these digital channels to get their voice “out there”-connecting with others, becoming better community citizens, and, ultimately, making strategic business moves that are increasing revenue, awareness, and overall success in the marketplace.

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Socialnomics: How social media transforms the way we live and do business

Author(s): Qualman, Erik Year: 2009 Publisher: Wiley Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Social media platforms like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter are fundamentally changing the way businesses and consumers behave, connecting hundreds of millions of people to each other via instant communication. This is a massive socio-economic shift that is fundamentally changing the way consumers and companies communicate and interact with each other. Welcome to the world of Socialnomics—where consumers and the societies they create online have a profound influence on our economy and the businesses that operate within it. In Socialnomics, Erik Qualman explores how social media is changing the way businesses produce, market, and sell products; how it eliminates inefficient marketing tactics and middlemen; and how businesses are connecting directly with their customers through popular social media platforms.

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Listening to the Future: Why It’s Everybody’s Business

Author(s): Rasmus, Daniel W. & Salkowitz, Rob Year: 2009 Publisher: Wiley Category: Foresight Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Providing decision-makers with a frame-work for making sense of the critical dynamics and uncertainties shaping the next ten to fifteen years, this guide explains the innovative technologies that may play a role in the new world of business and work.

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The Social Network Business Plan: 18 Strategies That Will Create Great Wealth

Author(s): Silver, David Year: 2009 Publisher: Wiley Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: At the core of each winning business model is the recommender online community, arguably the most powerful and disruptive force to emerge in the information age. These groups have already begun shaking up the advertising, marketing, sales, and public relations industries, and their influence is growing. Social networks are having a tectonic effect on several industries by shifting the power from the producer to the customer, or what is known as oligopsony power. Any savvy entrepreneur or investor who wants to get a jump on this emerging trend needs to understand the power of these groups and discover ways to tap it.

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The Network Challenge: Strategy, Profit, and Risk in an Interlinked World

Author(s): Kleindorfer, Paul R., Wind, Yoram & Gunther, Robert E. Year: 2009 Publisher: Wharton School Publishing Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: This book’s 28 original essays include CK Prahalad on networks as the new locus of competitive advantage Russell E. Palmer on leadership in a networked global environment Dawn Iacobucci and James M. Salter II on the business implications of social networking Franklin Allen and Ana Babus on contagion in financial markets Steven O. Kimbrough on artificial intelligence, evolutionary computation, and networks Satish Nambisan and Mohan Sawhney on tapping the “global brain” for innovation Manuel E. Sosa on coordination networks in product development Christophe Van den Bulte and Stefan Wuyts on customer networks Christoph Zott and Raphael Amit on using business models to drive network-based strategies Yoram (Jerry) Wind, Victor Fung, and William Fung on network orchestration, and more..

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– 2008 –

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Wikinomics: How mass collaboration changes everything

Author(s): Tapscott, Dan, Williams, Anthony D. Year: 2008 Publisher: Portfolio Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: In this book, Tapscott and Williams discuss the implications of opportunities for mass collaboration, enabled by social media, in web settings. Their key argument is that smart firms can use such new collective capabilities to spur innovation, growth and success. The book is essential for those who want to understand possible effects and benefits of new media and is written in an engaging, although at times somewhat uncritical, way.

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The New Age of Innovation: Driving Cocreated Value Through Global Networks

Author(s): Prahalad, C.K. & M.S. Krishnan Year: 2008 Publisher: McGraw-Hill Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: The New Age of Innovation reveals that the key to creating value and the future growth of every business depends on accessing a global network of resources to co-create unique experiences with customers, one at a time. To achieve this, CEOs, executives, and managers at every level must transform their business processes, technical systems, and supply chain management, implementing key social and technological infrastructure requirements to create an ongoing innovation advantage.

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Collective Intelligence: Creating a Prosperous World at Peace

Author(s): Tovey, Mark, et al Year: 2008 Publisher: Earth Intelligence Network Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: The era of collective intelligence has begun in earnest. While others have written about the wisdom of crowds, an army of Davids, and smart mobs, this collection of essays for the first time brings together fifty-five pioneers in the emerging discipline of collective intelligence. They provide a base of tools for connecting people, producing high-functioning teams, collaborating at multiple scales, and encouraging effective peer-production.

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Open Innovation in Global Networks

Author(s): OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Develop Year: 2008 Publisher: OECD Publishing Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: To match the global demand and supply of innovation, businesses increasingly internationalise their innovation activities while opening their innovation process by collaborating with external partners (e.g., suppliers, customers, universities). This book examines what drives these global innovation networks across different industries, how they are related to companies’ overall strategies.

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Groundswell: Winning in a World Transformed by Social Technologies

Author(s): Li, Charlene Year: 2008 Publisher: Harvard Business School Press Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: For managers struggling to answer questions such as “should my soap company have a presence on Facebook?” or “why isn’t anyone reading our company blog?” The Forrester analysts have prepared one of the most comprehensive and useful primers on the sudden surge in social media.

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Collaboration 2.0: Technology and Best Practices for Successful Collaboration in a Web 2.0 World

Author(s): Levine, Stewart Year: 2008 Publisher: Happy About Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: With the advent of Web 2.0, we are seeing dramatic changes in the way people interact with each other via the Internet. Blogs, Wikis, online communities, social networks, and distributed teams are just some of the ways these technologies are shaping our interactions. David Coleman is an expert in the area of collaborative processes and technologies and Stewart Levine is an expert on how to get people to work together more effectively.

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The Global Brain: The Awakening Earth in a New Century

Author(s): Russell, Peter Year: 2008 (3rd ed.) Publisher: Floris Books Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: We’ve seen the power of the internet to connect people around the world in ways never before known. This remarkable book argues that the billions of messages and pieces of information flying back and forth are linking the minds of humanity together into a single, global brain–a brain with astonishing potential for the Earth. Peter Russell, an acclaimed author and speaker, weaves together modern technology and ancient mysticism to present a startling vision of the world to come–one in which humanity is a fully conscious super-organism in an awakening universe. He shows that the human potential movement is growing quickly while influencing business, politics, and medicine.

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The Game-Changer: How You Can Drive Revenue and Profit Growth with Innovation

Author(s): Lafley, A.G. & Charan, Ram Year: 2008 Publisher: Crown Business Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Procter & Gamble’s chairman and CEO, A. G. Lafley, here together with Charan describes a number of commandments that accompanied the company’s innovationcentric strategy: the consumer is boss, inside and outside cocreation is encouraged, the innovation process is tangible (and must be followed), and risks can be managed. Most important is his emphasis on human interaction as the key; even better, the last section focuses exclusively on developing a culture of innovation, from promoting the rules of brainstorming to the desired attributes for employees and leaders: courageous, connected and collaborative, curious, open.

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– 2007 –

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Group Genius: The Creative Power of Collaboration

Author(s): Sawyer, Keith Year: 2007 Publisher: Basic Books Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Forget about the myth of the solitary genius: collaborative effort generates ideas and inventions. Keith Sawyer, a psychologist at Washington University, tears down some of the most popular myths about creativity and erects new principles in their place to demonstrate the freewheeling ways of true innovation. He shares the results of his own acclaimed research to show us how to be more creative in collaborative group settings, how to change organizational dynamics for the better, and how to tap into our own reserves of creativity.

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Open Innovation and Strategy

Author(s): Chesbrough, Henry W. & Appleyard, Melissa M. Year: 2007 Publisher: California Management Review Vol. 50, No. 1 Category: Innovation Management Type: Article Purchase: Harvard Business Publishing Summary: The main argument in this article is that the open innovation paradigm fits uneasy in existing business strategy theories (which promotes ownership and control). Chesbrough & Appleyard finally comes down to that open initiatives in the end of the day must be seen as profitable by the involved companies to be sustainable. One important takeaway is the theme of: how do you capture value (e.g. as a company making money) without alienating the (open) community that provides the external technology base for this value. How do you sustain the users’ participation over time?

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We Are Smarter Than Me: How to Unleash the Power of Crowds in Your Business

Author(s): Libert, Barry & Spector, John Year: 2007 Publisher: Wharton School Publishing Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Many leading-edge books are now stating that emerging social networks are rewriting and impacting the rules of business. Now you can discover exactly how to use social networking in your business to drive better decision-making and greater profitability. Drawing on their collective “in the trenches” experience, the wearesmarter.org community reveals what does and does not work when you bring social netowrks and communities into your decision-making and business processes. You’ll learn which business functions can best be accomplished or supported by communities; how to provide effective moderation, balance structure with independence, manage risk, define success, implement effective metrics, and much more.

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Motivation in Open Innovation

Author(s): Motzek, Robert Year: 2007 Publisher: VDM Verlag Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Shorter product life cycles, high product flop rates and an increasing heterogeneity of consumer needs have recently put considerable pressure on the innovation activities of manufacturers. The collaboration with users in open innovation processes has been promoted as a powerful approach for companies to succeed in today’s competitive environment. However, little is known about what drives these user innovators to contribute their time and effort to the creation of new products. Yet, a deep understanding of the motivation of user innovators represents an important first step for manufacturers to improve the nature of this type of cooperation. Robert Motzek’s study investigates the motivational profiles of user innovators from a manufacturer’s point of view. Since lead users and tool kit users can to a very high extent be involved in the firm’s innovation process, this report will focus on the integration of those two types of users.

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Competing in a Flat World: Building Enterprises for a Borderless World

Author(s): Fung, Victor K., Fung, William K. & Wind, Yoram Year: 2007 Publisher: Wharton School Publishing Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Competing in a Flat World provides an extraordinary glimpse into a new kind of organizational architecture, one built around the notion of orchestrating resources you don’t control and doing so in a way that builds both trust and agility. This architecture may well turn out to be the dominant model of the firm for the 21st century. The key to success in this world is a set of principles for “network orchestration where you build and orchestrate your own world-class global network.

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The Culture of Collaboration

Author(s): Rosen, Evan Year: 2007 Publisher: Red Ape Publishing Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: The in-box culture is dead,” insists Rosen, so information workers need to learn how to come together on projects spontaneously in real time, instead of handling assignments alone and passing them down the line. He sees electronic tools like instant messaging and video conferencing as indispensable for collaboration. But, he cautions, such tools will only be effective for companies that actively promote informal, nonhierarchical relationships to spark innovation among their employees.

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Everything Is Miscellaneous: The Power of the New Digital Disorder

Author(s): Weinberger, David Year: 2007 Publisher: Times Books Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Building on his earlier works’ discussions of the Internet-driven shift in power to users and consumers, Weinberger notes that “organization or, rather, lack of it, is the key”.

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Smart World: Breakthrough Creativity And the New Science of Ideas

Author(s): Ogle, Richard Year: 2007 Publisher: Harvard Business School Press Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Since ancient times, people have believed that breakthrough ideas come from the brains of geniuses with awesome rational powers. In recent years, however, the paradigm has begun to shift toward the notion that the source of creativity lies “out there,” in the network of connections between people and ideas. In this provocative book, Richard Ogle crystallizes the nature of this shift, and boldly outlines “a new science of ideas.” The key resides in what he calls “idea-spaces,” a set of nodes in a network of people (and their ideas) that cohere and take on a distinctive set of characteristics leading to the generation of breakthrough ideas.

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Digital consumer networks and producer-consumer collaboration: Innovation and product development in the video game industry

Author(s): Arakji, R. Y., & Land, K. R. Year: 2007 Publisher: Journal of Management Information Systems Vol 24, Nr 2 Category: Innovation Management Type: Journal paper Purchase: M.E. Sharpe Summary: Arakji and Land explore open innovation practices among producers and consumers in the video game industry. They explore how and why some firms have opened a portion of their proprietary content and welcomed products designed and implemented by customers. A key argument is that consumer-created content should be complements to, rather than replacements of, the original product.

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Technology support for virtual collaboration for innovation in synchronous and asynchronous interaction modes

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Author(s): Yates, D. Year: 2007 Publisher: Category: Electronic collaboration Type: Doctoral dissertation Download: Here Summary: This excellent dissertation presents a theory of collaborative technology support for learning and innovation and also compares the effect of different technologies. A key argument is that different technologies can support different aspectes of knowledge sharing and reflection that underlie learning and innovation. It has received awards from the Association for Information Systems and the Academy of Management.

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Improving the front end of innovation with information technology

Author(s): Gordon, Steve et al. Year: 2007 Publisher: Research Technology Management Vol. 51, No. 3 Category: Innovation Technology Type: Article Purchase: Here Summary: The paper focuses on how the front end of technology can be supported by using information technology. The front end of innovation refers to the earliest stages of innovation and includes activities such as collaboration, intelligence gathering and idea generation. Gordon et al. identified activities that were used and believed to be useful in the front end of innovation by users in 80 companies. The authors suggest that IT can beneficially support innovators in (1) helping one another, (2) accessing and sharing organizational knowledge, (3) analyzing and modeling data, (4) visualizing innovations, and (5) generating ideas. The paper provides many practical guidelines and should be of interest to technology and innovation managers.

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The cyclic nature of innovation: connecting hard sciences with soft values

Author(s): Guus Berkhout, Patrick Van Der Duin, Dap Hartmann, Roland Ortt. (Eds). Year: 2007 Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing. Category: Innovation Management Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: This work moves from a historical walk-through of innovation to describing and applying the Cyclic Innovation Model (CIM) on a number of cases. One major takeaway is that innovation inevitably takes time. The question is what avenues that are available for speeding up the process while maintaining quality of output.

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– 2006 –

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The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom

Author(s): Benkler, Yochai Year: 2006 Publisher: Yale University Press Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Few are unaware that this sector is undergoing transformation, and Benkler’s identification of major forces at work is important and enlightening. That the internet is changing society is understood. Less appreciated is how society is changing the internet. In this respect, Benkler’s work masterfully explains the political and economic forces at play, their promises and their threats.

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Outside Innovation: How Your Customers Will Co-Design Your Company’s Future

Author(s): Seybold, Patricia B. Year: 2006 Publisher: Collins Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: How dynamic businesses of every size can unleash innovation by inviting customers to co–design what they do and make. Seybold shows that companies that are dominating their category and staying ahead of the pack are collaborating at every level of their business with their customers. She lays out the path in the brave new world of instant feedback, customer-generated content, and truly free speech.

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Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation Landscape

Author(s): Chesbrough, Henry Year: 2006 Publisher: Harvard Business Press Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: In his landmark book Open Innovation, Henry Chesbrough demonstrated that because useful knowledge is no longer concentrated in a few large organizations, business leaders must adopt a new, “open” model of innovation. Using this model, companies look outside their boundaries for ideas and intellectual property (IP) they can bring in, as well as license their unutilized home-grown IP to other organizations. In Open Business Models, Chesbrough takes readers to the next step—explaining how to make money in an open innovation landscape. In addition, Chesbrough introduces a new set of players—”innovation intermediaries”—who facilitate companies’ access to external technologies.

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How People Harness Their Collective Wisdom and Power To Construct the Future

Author(s): Christakis, Alexander N. & Bausch, Kenneth C. Year: 2006 Publisher: Information Age Publishing Inc Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: We have all experienced the benefits of dialogue when we openly and thoughtfully confront issues. We have also experienced the frustration of interminable discussion that does not lead to progress. Co-Laboratories achieve these results by respecting the autonomy of all participants, and utilizing an array of consensus tools – including discipline, technology and graphics – that allow the stakeholders to control the discussion.

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Infotopia: How Many Minds Produce Knowledge

Author(s): Sunstein, Cass Year: 2006 Publisher: Oxford University Press Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Stunning new ways to share and aggregate information, many Internet-based, are helping companies, schools, governments, and individuals not only to acquire, but also to create, ever-growing bodies of accurate knowledge. The rise of the “information society” offers not only considerable peril but also great promise. Beset from all sides by a never-ending barrage of media, how can we ensure that the most accurate information emerges and is heeded? In this book, Cass R. Sunstein develops a deeply optimistic understanding of the human potential to pool information, and to use that knowledge to improve our lives.

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The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business is Selling Less of More

Author(s): Anderson, Chris Year: 2006 Publisher: Hyperion Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Anderson declares the death of “common culture”—and insists that it’s for the best. ot long ago, “we had fewer alternatives to compete for our screen attention,” he writes. Smash hits have existed largely because of scarcity: with a finite number of bookstore shelves and theaters and Wal-Mart CD racks, “it’s only sensible to fill them with the titles that will sell best.” Today, Web sites and online retailers offer seemingly infinite inventory, and the result is the “shattering of the mainstream into a zillion different cultural shards.” These “countless niches” are market opportunities for those who cast a wide net and de-emphasize the search for blockbusters.

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Challenges of open innovation: the paradox of firm investment in open-source software

Author(s): West, Joel & Gallagher, Scott Year: 2006 Publisher: R&D Management 36, 3, 2006 Category: Innovation Management Type: Article Download: Here Summary: West & Gallagher hits it on the spot when highlighting three (open) innovationchallenges as: 1.) Finding creative ways to exploit internal innovation, 2.) Incorporating external innovation into internal development, 3.) Motivating outsiders to supply an ongoing stream of external innovations.These challenges could and should be seen as the three big opportunities/drivers/incentives for participating in open innovation in the first place.

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The Starfish and the Spider: The Unstoppable Power of Leaderless Organizations

Author(s): Brafman, Ori & Beckstrom Rod A. Year: 2006 Publisher: Portfolio Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Brafman and Beckstrom offer a breezy and entertaining look at how decentralization is changing many organizations. ecentralized organizations, like the Internet, the Apache Indian tribe and Alcoholics Anonymous, are made up of many smaller units capable of operating, growing and multiplying independently of each other, making it very difficult for a rival force to control or defeat them.

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Free revealing and the private-collective model for innovation incentives

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Author(s): von Hippel, E. & von Krogh, G. Year: 2006 Publisher: Social Science Research Network Category: Innovation incentives Type: Article Purchase: Here Summary: Von Hippel and von Krogh summarizes a number of historical well-documented cases (steam engines, semi-conductors, medical machinery, sports equipment) for free revealing. Then pragmatically puts on the glasses of the entrepreneur/innovator and argue for how free revealing can be the most profitable alternative (due to reputation, network effects, competitive advantage due to dominant design/open standard) and by far the most practical. The paper is a good take solving what first seems like an enigma - the free revealing and why open innovation really works (theoretically).

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Open Innovation: Researching a New Paradigm

Author(s): Chesbrough, Henry, Vanhaverbeke, Wim & West, Joel Year: 2006 Publisher: Oxford University Press Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: This collection investigates the phenomenon of “Open Innovation,”, in which firms draw on research and development that may lie outside their own boundaries. The book’s contributors link the practice of innovation to the established body of innovation rsearch, showing what’s new and what’s familiar in the process.

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– 2005 –

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Democratizing Innovation

Author(s): von Hippel, Eric Year: 2005 Publisher: The MIT Press: Cambridge MA, USA Category: Innovation Management Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Von Hippel successfully examines how user-centered innovation makes sense. This is done with a rich number of practical examples - however sometimes somewhat exotic (surf boards). Von Hippel puts large emphasis on the notion that lead users play a large role in innovation processes and closely pin-points some of their characteristics. After reading the book you might feel the need to get down to some action: what fundamental changes to perhaps long-held processes and business models must be made in order to adapt and take advantage of this democratization? The answer to this question lies elsewhere.

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The Wisdom of Crowds

Author(s): Surowiecki, James Year: 2005 Publisher: Anchor Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: If four basic conditions are met, a crowd’s “collective intelligence” will produce better outcomes than a small group of experts, Surowiecki says, even if members of the crowd don’t know all the facts or choose, individually, to act irrationally. Diversity brings in different information; independence keeps people from being swayed by a single opinion leader; people’s errors balance each other out; and including all opinions guarantees that the results are “smarter” than if a single expert had been in charge. Surowiecki explores problems involving cognition, coordination and cooperation and offers a great introduction to applied behavioral economics and game theory.

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Swarm Creativity: Competitive Advantage through Collaborative Innovation Networks

Author(s): Gloor, Peter Year: 2005 Publisher: Oxford University Press Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Swarm Creativity introduces a powerful new concept-Collaborative Innovation Networks, or COINs. Its aim is to make the concept of COINs as ubiquitous among business managers as any methodology to enhance quality and competitive advantage. The difference though is that COINs are nothing like other methodologies. A COIN is a cyberteam of self-motivated people with a collective vision, enabled by technology to collaborate in achieving a common goal–n innovation-by sharing ideas, information, and work. It is no exaggeration to state that COINs are the most productive engines of innovation ever. It explains the traits that characterize COIN members and COIN behavior. It makes the case for why businesses ought to be rushing to uncover their COINs and nurture them, and provides tools for building organizations that are more creative, productive and efficient by applying principles of creative collaboration, knowledge sharing and social networking.

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What Customers Want: Using Outcome-Driven Innovation to Create Breakthrough Products and Services

Author(s): Ulwick, Anthony Year: 2005 Publisher: McGraw-Hill Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: For years, companies have accepted the underlying principles that define the customer-driven paradigm–that is, using customer “requirements” to guide growth and innovation. But twenty years into this movement, breakthrough innovations are still rare, and most companies find that 50 to 90 percent of their innovation initiatives flop. Known as “outcome-driven” innovation, this revolutionary approach to new product and service creation transforms innovation from a nebulous art into a rigorous science. Rather than accepting customer inputs such as “needs,” “benefits,” “specifications,” and “solutions,” Ulwick argues that researchers should silence the literal “voice of the customer” and focus on the “metrics that customers use to measure success when executing the jobs, tasks or activities they are trying to get done.” Using these customer desired outcomes as inputs into the innovation process eliminates much of the chaos and variability that typically derails innovation initiatives.

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The Oxford Handbook of Innovation

Author(s): Fagerberg, Jan., Mowery, David C., Nelson, Richard R. Year: 2005 Publisher: Category: Innovation Management Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Coming shortly.

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Innovation Happens Elsewhere: Open Source as Business Strategy

Author(s): Goldman, Ron & Gabriel, Richard P. Year: 2005 Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann Category: Online Communities Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Innovation Happens Elsewhere is at least as important for those who have no interest in software as those who do, because in the details of the history and practice of the open source community lie clues to the institutional adaptations of the information economy.

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Think, play, do: Technology, innovation, and organization

Author(s): Dodgson, M., Gann, D., & Salter, A. Year: 2005 Publisher: Category: Innovation Technology Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Many open innovation scholars argue that new technologies can support open innovation, but do not explore this issue in depth. A notable exception is Dodgson and colleagues who studied how new technologies for data mining, simulation, prototyping and visual presentation can support open innovation. Although this work is important in starting to think about how technology can support innovation, we suggest that Dodgson et al.’s view of what kind of technologies that can support open innovation can be broadened.

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Involving customers in new service development

Author(s): Bo Edvardsson, Anders Gustafsson, Per Kristensson, Peter Magnusson & Jonas Matthing (Eds.). Year: 2005 Publisher: Imperial College Press. Category: Innovation Management Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: The trend of services becoming evermore important, also in the portfolio of traditional product companies, deserves more research on innovation of services. This book provides a good starting point for understanding these processes.We get to share results of case studies conducted in both service and manufacturing companies focusing on value-creation through services.

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– 2001-2004 –

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The Future of Competition: Co-Creating Unique Value with Customers

Author(s): Prahalad, C.K. & Ramaswamy, Venkat Year: 2004 Publisher: Harvard Business Press Category: Co-creation Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: According to this turgid volume of business metaphysics, dwindling profit margins caused by intensified competition, a glut of commodity production and knowledgeable, web-empowered consumers will usher in “a new industrial system” characterized by “co-creating value through personalized experiences unique to the individual consumer.” Under the new regime, headstrong consumers will “seek to exercise their influence in every part of the business system,” and companies will accommodate them by, for example, allowing them to design their own individualized cosmetics and houseboats.

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The Keystone Advantage: What the New Dynamics of Business Ecosystems Mean for Strategy, Innovation, and Sustainability

Author(s): Iansiti, Marco, Levien, Roy Year: 2004 Publisher: Harvard Business Press Category: Co-creation Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: In biological ecosystems, “keystone” species maintain the healthy functioning of the entire system. Why? Because their own survival depends on it. This book argues that business ecosystems work in much the same way-one company’s success depends on the success of its partners. Based on more than ten years of research and practical experience within industries from retail to automotive to software, The Keystone Advantage outlines a framework that goes beyond maximizing internal competencies to leveraging the collective competencies of one’s entire network for competitive advantage.

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Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating And Profiting from Technology

Author(s): Chesbrough, Henry Year: 2003 Publisher: Harvard Business Press Category: Collaboration Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: According to this probing academic study of corporate technological innovation. Chesbrough, an assistant professor at the Harvard Business School, argues that the old “closed innovation” model-vertically integrated research-and-development departments that develop technology in-house for the sole use of their corporate parent-is becoming obsolete in an age of mobile scientific workers, ubiquitous high-tech startups and a growing extra-corporate research establishment at university labs. Modern technology powerhouses like Cisco and Microsoft do little of their own basic research, he reports; instead they have dropped the “do-it-all-yourself” approach and pioneered a new model of “open innovation,” in which companies import ideas from without and let their own innovations enter the wider marketplace.

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Linked: How Everything Is Connected to Everything Else and What It Means

Author(s): Barabasi, Albert-Laszlo Year: 2003 Publisher: Plume Category: Collaboration Type: Book Purchase: Amazon Summary: Information, disease, knowledge and just about everything else is disseminated through a complex series of networks made up of interconnected hubs. These networks are replicated in every facet of human life. In accessible prose, Barabasi guides readers through the mathematical foundation of these networks. “The Web, for example, is “dominated by a few very highly connected nodes, or hubs… such as Google or Amazon.” Barabasi notes that “the fittest node will inevitably grow to become the biggest hub.” The book also gives readers a historical overview on the study of networks, which goes back to 18th-century.

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– 1990-2000 –

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The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail

Author(s): Clayton Christensen Year: 1997 Publisher: Harvard Business School Press. Category: Innovation Management Type: Book Buy: Amazon Summary:All things come to an end. This international bestseller shows how large multinational firms can become the victims of their own previous success. It also gives advice on how complacency can be cured and disruptive innovation welcomed to revive companies over and over.

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Perspective taking and perspective making in communities of knowing

Author(s): Boland, R., & Tenkasi, R. Year: 1995 Publisher: Organization Science Category: Innovation Communities Type: Book Purchase: JSTOR Summary: Boland and Tenkasi argue that electronic communication systems can be useful for sharing ideas and knowledge with others within a community, which can lead to that participants take new perspectives into account. They suggest the concepts “perspective making” and “perspective taking”, which are fundamental in the production of knowledge that in turn can support the creation of innovative products and processes.

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